Monday, March 2, 2009
SPIT AND SHINE: BEST DIGITAL PRODUCTS, HOT IN THE MARKET AND e-BOOKS
SPIT AND SHINE: BEST DIGITAL PRODUCTS, HOT IN THE MARKET AND e-BOOKS www.Dollarbills.synthasite.com
Tuesday, May 13, 2008
COUNTRIES THA SEIZED TO EXIST.......
From Matt Rosenberg,
Since many countries merge, split, or just decide to change their name, there are many "missing" countries that no longer exist. This list is far from comprehensive, but it's meant to serve as a guide to some of the most well-known missing countries of today.
Abyssinia: The name of Ethiopia until the early 20th century.
Austria-Hungary: A monarchy (also known as the Austro-Hungarian Empire) that was established in 1867 and included not just Austria and Hungary, but also parts of the Czech Republic, Poland, Italy, Romania, and the Balkans. The empire collapsed at the end of World War I.
Basutoland: Lesotho's name prior to 1966.
Bengal: An independent kingdom from 1338-1539, now part of Bangladesh and India.
Burma: Burma officially changed its name to Myanmar in 1989 but many countries still aren't recognizing the change, such as the United States.
Catalonia: This autonomous region of Spain was independent from 1932-1934 and 1936-1939.
Ceylon: Changed its name to Sri Lanka in 1972.
Champa: Located in south and central Vietnam from the 7th century through 1832.
Corsica: This Mediterranean island was ruled by various nations over the course of history but had several brief periods of independence.
German Strandkorb
southafrican beach basket original export from germany
www.germanstrandkorb.co.za
Today, Corsica is a department of France.
Czechoslovakia: Peacefully split into the Czech Republic and Slovakia in 1993.
East Germany and West Germany: Merged in 1989 to form a unified Germany.
East Pakistan: This province of Pakistan from 1947-1971 became Bangladesh.
Gran Colombia: A South American country that included what is now Colombia, Panama, Venezuela, and Ecuador from 1819-1930. Gran Colombia ceased to exist when Venezuela and Ecuador seceded.
Hawaii: Though a kingdom for hundreds of years, Hawaii wasn't recognized as an independent country until the 1840s. The country was annexed to the U.S. in 1898.
New Granada: This South American country was part of Gran Colombia (see above) from 1819-1830 and was independent from 1830-1858. In 1858, the country became known as the Grenadine Confederation, then the United States of New Granada in 1861, the United States of Colombia in 1863, and finally, the Republic of Colombia in 1886.
North Yemen and South Yemen: Yemen split in 1967 into two countries, North Yemen (a.k.a. Yemen Arab Republic) and South Yemen (a.k.a. People's Democratic Republic of Yemen). However, in 1990 the two rejoined to form a unified Yemen.
Ottoman Empire: Also known as the Turkish Empire, this empire began around 1300 and expanded to include parts of contemporary Russia, Turkey, Hungary, the Balkans, northern Africa, and the Middle East. The Ottoman Empire ceased to exist in 1923 when Turkey declared independence from what remained of the empire.
Persia: The Persian Empire extended from the Mediterranean Sea to India. Modern Persia was founded in the sixteenth century and later became known as Iran.
Prussia: Became a kingdom in 1660, at greatest extent it included the northern two-thirds of Germany and western Poland. Prussia, by World War II a federal unit of Germany, was fully disbanded at the end of World War II.
Rhodesia: Zimbabwe was known as Rhodesia (named after British diplomat Cecil Rhodes) prior to 1980.
Scotland and Wales: Despite recent advances in autonomy, part of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, both Scotland and Wales were independent nations that were merged with England to form the U.K.
Siam: Changed its name to Thailand in 1939.
Sikkim: Now part of far northern India, Sikkim was an independent monarchy from the 17th century until 1975.
South Vietnam: Now part of a unified Vietnam, South Vietnam existed from 1954 to 1976 as the anti-communist portion of Vietnam.
Southwest Africa: Gained independence and became Namibia in 1990.
Taiwan: While Taiwan still exists, it is not always considered an independent country. However, it did represent China in the United Nations until 1971.
Tanganyika and Zanzibar: These two African countries united in 1964 to form Tanzania.
Texas: The Republic of Texas gained independence from Mexico in 1836 and existed as an independent country until annexation to the United States in 1845.
Tibet: A kingdom established in the 7th century, Tibet was invaded by China in 1950 and has since been known as the Xizang Autonomous Region of China.
Transjordan: Became the independend kingdom of Jordan in 1946.
Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR): Broke into fifteen new countries in 1991: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Estonia, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldovia, Russia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, and Uzbekistan.
United Arab Republic: From 1958 to 1961, non-neighbors Syria and Egypt merged to become a unified country. In 1961 Syria abandoned the alliance but Egypt kept the name United Arab Republic itself for another decade.
Urjanchai Republic: South-central Russia; independent from 1912 to 1914.
Vermont: In 1777 Vermont declared independence and existed as an independent country until 1791, when it became the first state to enter the United States after the thirteen colonies.
West Florida, Free Independent Repubic of: Parts of Florida, MIssissippi, and Louisana were independent for ninety days in 1810.
Western Samoa: Changed its name to Samoa in 1998.
Yugoslavia: The original Yugoslavia divided up into Bosnia, Croatia, Macedonia, Serbia and Montenegro, and Slovenia in the early 1990s.
Zaire: Changed its name to the Democratic Republic of the Congo in 1997.
Since many countries merge, split, or just decide to change their name, there are many "missing" countries that no longer exist. This list is far from comprehensive, but it's meant to serve as a guide to some of the most well-known missing countries of today.
Abyssinia: The name of Ethiopia until the early 20th century.
Austria-Hungary: A monarchy (also known as the Austro-Hungarian Empire) that was established in 1867 and included not just Austria and Hungary, but also parts of the Czech Republic, Poland, Italy, Romania, and the Balkans. The empire collapsed at the end of World War I.
Basutoland: Lesotho's name prior to 1966.
Bengal: An independent kingdom from 1338-1539, now part of Bangladesh and India.
Burma: Burma officially changed its name to Myanmar in 1989 but many countries still aren't recognizing the change, such as the United States.
Catalonia: This autonomous region of Spain was independent from 1932-1934 and 1936-1939.
Ceylon: Changed its name to Sri Lanka in 1972.
Champa: Located in south and central Vietnam from the 7th century through 1832.
Corsica: This Mediterranean island was ruled by various nations over the course of history but had several brief periods of independence.
German Strandkorb
southafrican beach basket original export from germany
www.germanstrandkorb.co.za
Today, Corsica is a department of France.
Czechoslovakia: Peacefully split into the Czech Republic and Slovakia in 1993.
East Germany and West Germany: Merged in 1989 to form a unified Germany.
East Pakistan: This province of Pakistan from 1947-1971 became Bangladesh.
Gran Colombia: A South American country that included what is now Colombia, Panama, Venezuela, and Ecuador from 1819-1930. Gran Colombia ceased to exist when Venezuela and Ecuador seceded.
Hawaii: Though a kingdom for hundreds of years, Hawaii wasn't recognized as an independent country until the 1840s. The country was annexed to the U.S. in 1898.
New Granada: This South American country was part of Gran Colombia (see above) from 1819-1830 and was independent from 1830-1858. In 1858, the country became known as the Grenadine Confederation, then the United States of New Granada in 1861, the United States of Colombia in 1863, and finally, the Republic of Colombia in 1886.
North Yemen and South Yemen: Yemen split in 1967 into two countries, North Yemen (a.k.a. Yemen Arab Republic) and South Yemen (a.k.a. People's Democratic Republic of Yemen). However, in 1990 the two rejoined to form a unified Yemen.
Ottoman Empire: Also known as the Turkish Empire, this empire began around 1300 and expanded to include parts of contemporary Russia, Turkey, Hungary, the Balkans, northern Africa, and the Middle East. The Ottoman Empire ceased to exist in 1923 when Turkey declared independence from what remained of the empire.
Persia: The Persian Empire extended from the Mediterranean Sea to India. Modern Persia was founded in the sixteenth century and later became known as Iran.
Prussia: Became a kingdom in 1660, at greatest extent it included the northern two-thirds of Germany and western Poland. Prussia, by World War II a federal unit of Germany, was fully disbanded at the end of World War II.
Rhodesia: Zimbabwe was known as Rhodesia (named after British diplomat Cecil Rhodes) prior to 1980.
Scotland and Wales: Despite recent advances in autonomy, part of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, both Scotland and Wales were independent nations that were merged with England to form the U.K.
Siam: Changed its name to Thailand in 1939.
Sikkim: Now part of far northern India, Sikkim was an independent monarchy from the 17th century until 1975.
South Vietnam: Now part of a unified Vietnam, South Vietnam existed from 1954 to 1976 as the anti-communist portion of Vietnam.
Southwest Africa: Gained independence and became Namibia in 1990.
Taiwan: While Taiwan still exists, it is not always considered an independent country. However, it did represent China in the United Nations until 1971.
Tanganyika and Zanzibar: These two African countries united in 1964 to form Tanzania.
Texas: The Republic of Texas gained independence from Mexico in 1836 and existed as an independent country until annexation to the United States in 1845.
Tibet: A kingdom established in the 7th century, Tibet was invaded by China in 1950 and has since been known as the Xizang Autonomous Region of China.
Transjordan: Became the independend kingdom of Jordan in 1946.
Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR): Broke into fifteen new countries in 1991: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Estonia, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldovia, Russia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, and Uzbekistan.
United Arab Republic: From 1958 to 1961, non-neighbors Syria and Egypt merged to become a unified country. In 1961 Syria abandoned the alliance but Egypt kept the name United Arab Republic itself for another decade.
Urjanchai Republic: South-central Russia; independent from 1912 to 1914.
Vermont: In 1777 Vermont declared independence and existed as an independent country until 1791, when it became the first state to enter the United States after the thirteen colonies.
West Florida, Free Independent Repubic of: Parts of Florida, MIssissippi, and Louisana were independent for ninety days in 1810.
Western Samoa: Changed its name to Samoa in 1998.
Yugoslavia: The original Yugoslavia divided up into Bosnia, Croatia, Macedonia, Serbia and Montenegro, and Slovenia in the early 1990s.
Zaire: Changed its name to the Democratic Republic of the Congo in 1997.
Friday, October 26, 2007
zombie animals
ZOMBIE ALLIGATORS
Something unthinkable is happening to Florida's gators.
Watch video >>The Top 10 Celebrity Scientists e-mail share bookmark
To email this article, type in your friend's name and email address, your name and email address, and a message. Then click "submit."
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But it's not a popularity contest.
Science Fame
They brought us black holes and great whites, gorillas and chimps, footprints and evolution ... and weren't shy about it. Say hello to the Top 10 Celebrity Scientists.
Jacques Cousteau
Along with engineer Emile Gagnan, Cousteau perfected the iron lung, which for the first time allowed divers to stay underwater for hours. With his French accent, and from his boat the Calypso, he hosted The Undersea World of Jacques Cousteau, which was renowned not only for its amazing deep-sea creatures, but also for the awe-inspiring underwater filmmaking. It also showed us the dire implications of pollution in our seas.
"From birth, man carries the weight of gravity on his shoulders. He is bolted to earth. But man has only to sink beneath the surface and he is free." Richard Feynman
Richard Feynman was never one to follow along with the pack, a trait that helped him solve the mystery of the Challenger explosion. While the research commission dismissed the idea that a cold launch morning caused the explosion, all Feynman had to do was drop a rubber O-ring - the crucial piece that sealed the rocket boosters - into an ice-cold glass of water, and let Congress watch as it flattened out.
"I'm smart enough to know that I'm dumb." Dian Fossey
She overcame an unhappy childhood in San Francisco to champion the cause of gorillas in Africa. Thanks to her they were no longer Kong but rather mammals, very much like us. But as much as Fossey publicized the gorillas' plight, she also launched a campaign against the dual enemies of poaching and zoos - both which brought gorillas to the brink of extinction. Dian Fossey was murdered for her beliefs on December 26, 1985, and the guilty parties have never been found.
"The man who kills the animals today is the man who kills the people who get in his way tomorrow." Stephen Jay Gould
An ardent Darwinist, Stephen Jay Gould wasn't shy about sharing his beliefs. And the public ate them up, as his many books - and their highly readable style - became runaway bestsellers. Gould also tackled the IQ testing industry in his book The Mismeasure of Man, shared his dismay over the fact that baseball hasn't had a .400 hitter in over half 60 years in Ken Burns's Baseball, and even guest starred on The Simpsons. But it was evolution that he is most known for - and the fact that he would never back down from a creationist fight.
"The most erroneous stories are those we think we know best - and therefore never scrutinize or question." Jane Goodall
Jane Goodall changed the way we looked at chimpanzees - and ourselves. Only a few decades ago, the consensus was the humans were the only animals that could use tools - that changed when Jane Goodall saw chimps poke twigs into a termite nest and eat the termites they collected. After she reported her findings to famed anthropologist Louis Leakey, he said, "Now we must redefine 'tool,' redefine 'man,' or accept chimpanzees as humans."
"The greatest danger to our future is apathy." Stephen Hawking
Largely due to A Brief History of Time, the book which allowed ordinary people to talk about black holes and quantum gravity, Stephen Hawking is the best-known physicist alive today. His appearance - in a wheelchair due to Parkinson's, and with a mechanical voice generator due to a tracheotomy - only makes his achievements that much more incredible, including his model depicting why the universe knows no bounds.
"God not only plays dice, He also sometimes throws the dice where they cannot be seen." Mary Leakey
Though she participated in countless digs, and was the matriarch of a renowned family of archaeologists, Mary Leakey is probably best known for a set of footprints she discovered in 1976, in Tanzania, Africa. Over three million years old, these footprints - two sets side by side, about 80 feet long - are among the earliest evidence of upright, bipedal walking. One set was made by a larger Australopithecine, the other by a smaller. Were they male and female? Mother and child? Only time will tell.
"She stops, pauses, turns to the left to glance at some possible threat or irregularity, and then continues to the north. This motion, so intensely human, transcends time. " Carl Sagan
Born in Brooklyn but with an eye toward the stars, Carl Sagan brought the universe to our living rooms with Cosmos, a 13-part series that influenced a new generation of astronomers with its down-to-earth approach to science. Sagan was also the author of over 20 books, including Pale Blue Dot and the novel Contact, which became a film in 1997. What might not be as widely-known, however, are his discoveries about Venus (it was a scorched world, rather than the popular idea of tropical paradise) which tied into his predictions for dangerous global warming here on Earth.
"In order to make an apple pie from scratch, you must first create the universe." Watson and Crick
On February 28, 1953, the team of James Watson (pictured) and Frances Crick did the unthinkable - they were able to determine the structure of DNA. Only through its double-helix structure could DNA "unzip" itself, making copies that become the building blocks of all living things. The base pairs - adenine, thymine, guanine and cytosine - became the key in decoding the rungs to this curved ladder. It's a find that's almost taken for granted today, but shook up the genetic world over 50 years ago. It also brought fame to its finders - American Watson and British Crick - and the Nobel Prize.
"Francis Crick and I were both in trouble at various times in our careers, but that never really stopped us, because we always found someone to save us." - James Watson
"We've discovered the secret of life." - Francis Crick
Something unthinkable is happening to Florida's gators.
Watch video >>The Top 10 Celebrity Scientists e-mail share bookmark
To email this article, type in your friend's name and email address, your name and email address, and a message. Then click "submit."
Friend's name:
Friend's email:
Your name:
Your email:
Optional Message:
Message Sent!
close
Digg
del.icio.us
Newsvineclose
But it's not a popularity contest.
Science Fame
They brought us black holes and great whites, gorillas and chimps, footprints and evolution ... and weren't shy about it. Say hello to the Top 10 Celebrity Scientists.
Jacques Cousteau
Along with engineer Emile Gagnan, Cousteau perfected the iron lung, which for the first time allowed divers to stay underwater for hours. With his French accent, and from his boat the Calypso, he hosted The Undersea World of Jacques Cousteau, which was renowned not only for its amazing deep-sea creatures, but also for the awe-inspiring underwater filmmaking. It also showed us the dire implications of pollution in our seas.
"From birth, man carries the weight of gravity on his shoulders. He is bolted to earth. But man has only to sink beneath the surface and he is free." Richard Feynman
Richard Feynman was never one to follow along with the pack, a trait that helped him solve the mystery of the Challenger explosion. While the research commission dismissed the idea that a cold launch morning caused the explosion, all Feynman had to do was drop a rubber O-ring - the crucial piece that sealed the rocket boosters - into an ice-cold glass of water, and let Congress watch as it flattened out.
"I'm smart enough to know that I'm dumb." Dian Fossey
She overcame an unhappy childhood in San Francisco to champion the cause of gorillas in Africa. Thanks to her they were no longer Kong but rather mammals, very much like us. But as much as Fossey publicized the gorillas' plight, she also launched a campaign against the dual enemies of poaching and zoos - both which brought gorillas to the brink of extinction. Dian Fossey was murdered for her beliefs on December 26, 1985, and the guilty parties have never been found.
"The man who kills the animals today is the man who kills the people who get in his way tomorrow." Stephen Jay Gould
An ardent Darwinist, Stephen Jay Gould wasn't shy about sharing his beliefs. And the public ate them up, as his many books - and their highly readable style - became runaway bestsellers. Gould also tackled the IQ testing industry in his book The Mismeasure of Man, shared his dismay over the fact that baseball hasn't had a .400 hitter in over half 60 years in Ken Burns's Baseball, and even guest starred on The Simpsons. But it was evolution that he is most known for - and the fact that he would never back down from a creationist fight.
"The most erroneous stories are those we think we know best - and therefore never scrutinize or question." Jane Goodall
Jane Goodall changed the way we looked at chimpanzees - and ourselves. Only a few decades ago, the consensus was the humans were the only animals that could use tools - that changed when Jane Goodall saw chimps poke twigs into a termite nest and eat the termites they collected. After she reported her findings to famed anthropologist Louis Leakey, he said, "Now we must redefine 'tool,' redefine 'man,' or accept chimpanzees as humans."
"The greatest danger to our future is apathy." Stephen Hawking
Largely due to A Brief History of Time, the book which allowed ordinary people to talk about black holes and quantum gravity, Stephen Hawking is the best-known physicist alive today. His appearance - in a wheelchair due to Parkinson's, and with a mechanical voice generator due to a tracheotomy - only makes his achievements that much more incredible, including his model depicting why the universe knows no bounds.
"God not only plays dice, He also sometimes throws the dice where they cannot be seen." Mary Leakey
Though she participated in countless digs, and was the matriarch of a renowned family of archaeologists, Mary Leakey is probably best known for a set of footprints she discovered in 1976, in Tanzania, Africa. Over three million years old, these footprints - two sets side by side, about 80 feet long - are among the earliest evidence of upright, bipedal walking. One set was made by a larger Australopithecine, the other by a smaller. Were they male and female? Mother and child? Only time will tell.
"She stops, pauses, turns to the left to glance at some possible threat or irregularity, and then continues to the north. This motion, so intensely human, transcends time. " Carl Sagan
Born in Brooklyn but with an eye toward the stars, Carl Sagan brought the universe to our living rooms with Cosmos, a 13-part series that influenced a new generation of astronomers with its down-to-earth approach to science. Sagan was also the author of over 20 books, including Pale Blue Dot and the novel Contact, which became a film in 1997. What might not be as widely-known, however, are his discoveries about Venus (it was a scorched world, rather than the popular idea of tropical paradise) which tied into his predictions for dangerous global warming here on Earth.
"In order to make an apple pie from scratch, you must first create the universe." Watson and Crick
On February 28, 1953, the team of James Watson (pictured) and Frances Crick did the unthinkable - they were able to determine the structure of DNA. Only through its double-helix structure could DNA "unzip" itself, making copies that become the building blocks of all living things. The base pairs - adenine, thymine, guanine and cytosine - became the key in decoding the rungs to this curved ladder. It's a find that's almost taken for granted today, but shook up the genetic world over 50 years ago. It also brought fame to its finders - American Watson and British Crick - and the Nobel Prize.
"Francis Crick and I were both in trouble at various times in our careers, but that never really stopped us, because we always found someone to save us." - James Watson
"We've discovered the secret of life." - Francis Crick
WHERE DID THE UNIVERSE COME FROM?
Was it started by… God?
(Or might science perhaps provide us with a more reasonable, natural explanation?)
Latest results from renowned Astronomers, Physicists, and the Hubble Telescope Uncover Surprising New Information
Without a doubt, the biggest question in science is, “Where did it all come from?”
Brilliant minds have expressed every conceivable opinion. But is there a consensus? What does the very best information from science tell us?
Because of all the new research that is coming in every week, I've written a five-day series of emails. We explore the fascinating beginnings of the universe, and what eminent scientists like Albert Einstein and astronomer Robert Wilson have to say about it.
You'll discover:
The mistake Einstein later called “the biggest blunder of my career” – and a dangerous assumption that nearly blinded him to the greatest discovery of the 20th century
“Bird droppings on my telescope” – a strange piece of radio data that was almost attributed to… well, birds – and how this Nobel Prize-winning experiment now shapes our understanding of time itself (Day 2)
How “one extra atom” at the birth of the universe could have wiped out entire galaxies, or even the whole cosmos (Day 3)
A riddle: So simple, any child can understand; so complex, no atheist can solve (Day 4)
The Big Bang and new implications for science, philosophy, and beliefs about God The 5-part series starts todaY
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